Frederick Brusadelli
For nearly two decades, Italy has tried to build the Second Republic. Useless. And now, to look ahead and to bring politics to the center of things, you need to launch a bet. Serves "to abandon the old categories of the Twentieth Century," swept away by history. Need a new constitutional pact. Need to get rid of all the "inertial weights (by anti-populism pushed) that encumbers "pseudo-parties and parties." Massimo Cacciari, a philosopher and former mayor of Venice, has no doubts: this is the only way to salvation. This is "the hour of osmosis. And who knows with Fini ...
Professor, we are at the dawn of the Third Republic?
But the Second Republic was never born ... How are never born or the PDL or the Democratic Party. Why are missing and the persons responsible for "aggregating" that could make it, the Second Republic. You missed the implementing body, that the First Republic was the true constituent pact between the forces of extraction Socialist Democrats and those of tradition. In short, from 1991-92 to now we have seen from both sides, acts, even generous, to create direct individuals able to build themselves the Second Republic. Here it is, the story of the last twenty years: an endless series of (unsuccessful) attempts to build forces tend majority or at least majority. From right and left, in the center and center-left Olive Tree and the PDL: all failed. The reasons for this failure? Should be analyzed in depth with courage and culture, beyond the gossip and news.
But what is happening these days in the political landscape Italian? The two pseudo
poles are disintegrating, this is obvious. And we hope that this "deconstruction" you can generate new forces, capable of tuning and to find a ubi consistam giving birth to a new constitutional pact. In a New Republic.
right and left categories remain valid to interpret the policy?
No, no longer have any meaning. The terms on which they termed the "right" and the "left" are now collapsing, and we should have learned long ago. Those words were the historical contradictions of the twentieth century: planning and market, public and private Atlanticism and neutrality. All major contradictions that have been swept away by history. It is clear, then, to keep talking in terms of right and left when he was still talking a generation ago no longer has any meaning. The fact that the attempt to build a Second Republic has been done using these terms and their opposition was a pure disaster. The underlying reason for which we are, let us say, in the shit, is that the major force out of the crisis of Tangentopoli and the fall of the walls, he wanted to build his fortune sull'anticomunismo. A folly, pure demagoguery, pure ideological vocis flatus.
How does it fit the League in this picture?
The League is the only political force, leaving the great crisis of two decades ago, which funds its reason for being on targets that have nothing to do with the "right" and "left." The federal goal is a goal, however, declined, and escapes from the traditional opposition of the Second Republic. Unfortunately, and return to the first point, it was not a scheme of this type to succeed, you did not choose to split up new targets than ever before in this century. Perhaps this crisis will wipe out the old poles, and we must see whether the political forces be able to redefine a political space that is set on the basis of new contradictions. In short, we need to see if we can divide things up, objectives, terms and languages \u200b\u200bthat do not relate to most of the twentieth century. Here's the bet.
Speaking of bets, Gianfranco Fini has just launched its ...
From this point of view it seems to me that Fini has developed in recent years a real effort. Some things can be Fini totally agree (and I think the way he has chosen to decline the security issues, immigration, integration), and others do not. But he tried to decline the terms and issues from his point of view, and especially placing outside the forms of twentieth-century left-right.
But without the right and the left remains the choice of "centrism"?
No, there is the "centrality". Why all the great themes of contemporary politics can and should summarize its "centrality". It can only do so if the contrasts and contradictions - that are the heart of democratic politics - will focus on new issues, ideology no longer do repetitive issues old. This is the effort that seems to me, timidly forces are operating more aware of our Politics: Fini, Casini, certain voices of civil society, Montezemolo. Sure, they are often items that are still within parties or pseudopartiti still burdened and weighed down by inertia weights, demagoguery, populism, veterogiustizialismi, anti-communism, statist ideologies .. . Ballast there are of all colors, both left and right.
is inevitably open new scenarios, in fact.
course. We'll see osmosis, we'll see quite unpredictable combinations. What I know: people like myself who may be with Fini! And why not? What's the problem there would be? The moments of great crisis, if you lived in all their authentic drama, can create scenarios of yourself. If we think that such crisis can come out with "continuity", repeating the old phrases and old recipes, well, we're fried. But they are not fried to the right or the left, is fried whole country ...
Let the issues: what big issues the policy should find this "centrality"?
I list a few. Welfare reform, which is final. And that means ensuring basic rights slimming the state, streamlining the administration (and not to dissipate resources expanding bureaucracies as has happened in the history of the old welfare). The federalism reform of the reforms. Why do not you construct the Italian unit, that there has never been without federalism. It is made from local governments, that is the opposite of what the League says, moving on to a federal tax that has nothing to do with that drawn by Calderoli, in which only changes the distribution of resources and finance remains absolutely central. Foreign policy: how to deal with the big international crisis? How to deal with the Islamic world? And the list goes on and on ...
"Neither left nor right, we are on top." He said Beppe Grillo. So you agree with her?
But no, that is pure demagogy. Above? But on what? "Up" is believed Mussolini, Stalin, Hitler. Forget Cricket. Also because it is physiological phenomena in a democracy, especially in times of crisis. The focus, again, must be on those forces that can express a "centrality" and which do not express it at all. Innovation can come from there, not by Grillo. But this innovation should first be innovation with respect to their history. These forces can be "core" should be understood to come to a point of irreversible decline, and free energies they still have in them still to regain confidence of civil society, of that 50% of Italians who - according to all polls - is no longer interested in politics.
Another problem: Italian politics seems to have neglected the world of intellectuals, lately. It's just an impression?
Italy has a tradition, which claimed to be positive, of great intellectual presence, commitment noble and good in the political struggle. Both in Catholic and in the secular, socialist who is the one on the right. But today, unfortunately, is true, clear voice and criticism (for such this is and always should be) of the intellectual in politics, not the least heard. That's it.
recently gave a lecture Humanism. A tradition to be recovered in order to build this New Republic?
So, I spoke Italian Humanism by stressing that it has as its inevitable conclusion and the exaltation of the productive forces and technical-scientific, but rather the exaltation of the nobility and majesty of man through his being in ongoing research, his being a "possible". This is a summary of the event of full awareness of the nature doubtful, uncertain, insecure, permanent research, in which man expresses himself. Yes, from this point of view, that humanism is a valuable lesson. Why go to the report, dialogue, listening, attention to the other. Without going in search of easy certainties and easy consolations. And I truly believe that this type of Humanism can be considered in all respects the soul of democratic coexistence.
Century Published in the October 3, 2010 in Italy
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