Pope Clement VII (Giulio de Medici), forcefully about the war dividing Francis I of Valois, King of France and Charles V, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, is the organizer of an anti-imperial league The Holy League of Cognac.
The league, in terms of the papacy, was intended to defend the Papal States by the ambitions of Charles V, once penetrated into northern Italy, it fell to Rome with the intention of unify the peninsula.
The emperor at first tried to peacefully restore the alliance with the Pope, but the refusal of them, decided to intervene militarily.
not able to proceed in person, being engaged on other fronts, the Pope launched against the Colonna family, always an enemy of the Medici.
Cardinal Pompeo Colonna then unleashed his soldiers in the papal city and put the papal court under siege for free, Pope Clement VIII had to renounce the Holy League and pledge alliance with Charles V.
Once free, however, the Pope remained true to the pact and called to his aid Francis I of France.
The emperor then decided armed intervention against the Papal States, Rome and sent a contingent of mercenaries, supposedly controlled by a German general, who had to retire but the war is just beginning. On May 6, 1527
mercenaries troops enter Rome after the death of their general: the Pope manages to escape only through the sacrifice of the entire body of the Swiss guards, using a secret passage that leads him to Castel Sant'Angelo.
troops mercenaries, without pay and lost their captain, then gave it to the systematic looting of the city, then leave room for fever: a year-end in Rome remained an inhabitant out of five.
To stop the looting, Pope Clement VII agreed to pay a substantial sum to the emperor and left Rome at the time of Orvieto.
Three years later, Clement VII crowned Charles V emperor, sealing a renewed alliance: the latter, in turn, undertook to restore the rule of the Medici in Florence, bringing down the republic.
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